# MinIO Standalone Installation Guide on Ubuntu VM

### Overview

This document guides you through installing **MinIO in standalone mode** on a single Ubuntu-based VM, either from AWS Cloud or a native datacenter/server. This setup is suitable for development, testing, or small production use cases, with flexibility to scale into a distributed cluster later.

### Prerequisites

* Operating System: Ubuntu 20.04+ VM (AWS EC2 or native server)
* 2vCPU / 4 GB RAM / 32 GB storage
* Root or sudo access to the VM
* Filesystem Recommendation: XFS over LVM (preferred for performance; ext4 can also be used initially)

### Minio standalone installation steps

1. Run this to update and install dependencies

   ```bash
   sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
   sudo apt install -y curl wget
   ```
2. Install MinIO

   Create user and data directory:

   ```bash
   # Create a system user 'minio-user' with no login shell
   sudo useradd -r minio-user -s /sbin/nologin

   # Create the directory for MinIO data
   sudo mkdir -p /data/minio

   # Set ownership of the directory to 'minio-user'
   sudo chown -R minio-user:minio-user /data/min
   ```

   Download MinIO binary:

   ```bash
   wget https://dl.min.io/server/minio/release/linux-amd64/minio
   chmod +x minio
   sudo mv minio /usr/local/bin/
   ```
3. Create MinIO Systemd Service

   Create the service file:

   ```bash
   sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/minio.service
   ```

   Paste the following configuration:

   ```bash
   [Unit]
   Description=MinIO
   After=network.target

   [Service]
   User=minio-user
   Group=minio-user
   ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/minio server /data/minio --console-address ":9001"
   Restart=always
   LimitNOFILE=65536
   Environment="MINIO_ACCESS_KEY=minioadmin"
   Environment="MINIO_SECRET_KEY=minioadmin123"

   [Install]
   WantedBy=multi-user.target
   ```

   > **Note:** Change `MINIO_ACCESS_KEY` and `MINIO_SECRET_KEY` to secure values.
4. Start and Enable MinIO

   ```bash
   sudo systemctl daemon-reexec
   sudo systemctl enable minio
   sudo systemctl start minio
   sudo systemctl status minio
   ```
5. Access MinIO Web Console
   1. Open your browser and go to:\
      `http://<your-server-ip>:9001`
   2. Login using the `MINIO_ACCESS_KEY` and `MINIO_SECRET_KEY`.

### Scaling later (Distributed MinIO)

* You can scale to a **multi-node distributed setup** by adding VMs and drives.
* MinIO supports **erasure coding**, **high availability**, and **horizontal scalability**.
* Ensure:
  * Consistent hardware across nodes (CPU, RAM, disk)
  * XFS file system across all volumes


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